Employers often use default settings as a nudge: “We enrolled you in our 401k program, but you can opt out if you don’t want it by visiting this website and taking these actions.” Or they might say “We haven’t enrolled you in our 401k program, but here’s the website and you can go enroll if you want to.”ĭefault settings are a fairly blunt instrument, or nudge, that turns out to have a huge impact. It almost always changes behavior, at times immensely. Milkman: There is one clear top tool, and that’s the default. Once you recognize how these “nudges” work, they can become helpful tools for changing people’s behavior for the better – whether it’s your spouse or your neighbors or your employees or your customers.ĬNN: What are some of the most effective nudges? When you emphasize actions the majority of people are taking, that’s a nudge. I haven’t changed the economic calculus of this decision in any way, but you feel like that dose belongs to you, and you certainly don’t want someone else to get your vaccine, so you act. When I say to you, “Oh I’ve reserved a vaccine for you,” and then you want it and go get one, that’s a nudge. If I change the layout of a cafeteria to put healthy food up front, that’s a nudge. Stress can be good for you, and here's whyĪll sorts of persuasion tools are nudges. She has written a new book called “How to Change: The Science of Getting from Where You Are to Where You Want to Be.” Sanjay Gupta’s Chasing Life podcast this week. To find out how, I had a chat with Katy Milkman, a behavioral scientist at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, who is a guest on CNN Chief Medical Correspondent Dr. What makes “nudges” different from laws, rules and overt manipulation is that people always have a choice – they can decide to do or not do the suggested behavior.Īll this may sound abstract, but there are distinct ways we can harness the power of the nudge to encourage those we love to adopt healthier behaviors. (Thaler won the 2017 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his “contributions to behavioural economics.”) Nudge theory, developed by Richard Thaler, a professor of economics and behavioral science at the University of Chicago, says that you can positively change other people’s behavior (or your own) by using motivational techniques most people respond to – such as the need to fit in with social norms. What I would have given to know about nudge theory during those days! (My kids are all grown.) I even sang a similar tune to myself, but with a twist: “Why didn’t you work out today? Why did you eat that ice cream? Why didn’t you go to sleep at a decent hour? Why did you…?” My husband often heard these little ditties: “Did you pick up the dry cleaning? Did you stop at the store? Did you call the doctor? Did you…?” ![]() It went something like this: “Did you turn in your homework? Did you eat your lunch? Did you clean your room? Did you…?” There has been a Bueller-like refrain to my life raising kids, and it wasn’t one I wanted to listen to.
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